Choline is of fundamental importance due to its numerous functions in the metabolism of our body. As phosphatidylcholine it forms a big part of the components of cell membranes. Apart from its significant role in the recycling of homocysteine, it is closely related to lipid metabolism and liver function. Since animal food products are rich in choline, ZeinPharma® choline capsules are a valuable, but by no means exclusive, supplement for vegan / vegetarian diets.

Choline is naturally produced in the body. Here it plays an essential role, among others it is involved in the transportation of fats, thus it contributes to a normal fat metabolism. Additionally, it plays a role in transporting fatty acids (triglycerides) from the liver to the body's required places, thus contributing to normal liver function.

In the body, homocysteine is an intermediate of the amino acid metabolism. Under certain circumstances, homocysteine levels may increase. The resulting health consequences are the focus of ongoing scientific discussions. In addition to vitamin B6, B12 and folic acid, choline is also closely associated with homocysteine, as choline contributes to normal homocysteine metabolism.

Due to the contribution of choline to a normal liver function, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) published the respective reference levels in August 2016 as a recommendation for choline intake. Accordingly, 400 mg of choline are daily recommended for adults and adolescents aged 15 to 17 years. For children, between the ages of 1 and 14, the levels have been determined between 140 and 340 mg. For pregnant women, 480 mg daily is recommended, while for breastfeeding mothers the value is even 520 mg.

Fruits and vegetables contain between 2 and 15 mg of choline per 100 g, thus they are not belonging to choline-rich foods. In addition, nuts contain 20 to 60 mg of choline per 100 g; significantly higher levels of the valuable vital substance. As concerns meat and fish, normally contain up to 100 mg / 100 g of choline, which makes the foods of animal origin particularly rich in choline. Two capsules of ZeinPharma choline contain as much as 1200 mg of choline as about 2.4 kg of peanuts or 1.5 kg of beef.

Choline bitartrate, the choline variant, which is provided from us, is sevenfold better absorbed by the body than the phosphaditylcholine used in most supplements. The latter also causes gastrointestinal problems more frequently whereby cholin bitartrate is a gentle and well-tolerated alternative.

When becoming older, the requirement for choline increases, as well as the risk of an imbalance in homocysteine levels and deposits of fat in the liver. In addition, men have a higher demand than women. Studies and recommendations have shown that the daily dose of our product with 300mg is perfectly suitable for all ages and both sexes.

•    Support liver function and helps with fatty liver

•    Contributes to a normal fat metabolism

•    Ensure the balance of homocysteine levels

•    Well tolerated nutritional supplement for vegans and vegetarians

•    Can be sevenfold better absorbed than phosphatidylcholine

•    Obtained from high quality natural sources

Folate, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 also contribute to normal homocysteine metabolism. Vitamin B6 contributes to normal protein and glycogen metabolism. In addition, zinc contributes to a normal fat metabolism.

The vitamin B complex capsules and the zinconate capsules from ZeinPharma® therefore represent an ideal supplement to the choline capsules and allow a synergistic interaction of the individual nutrients.